![]() ![]() ![]() Land settled by Loyalists and other European settlers was the traditional territory of Indigenous peoples. Loyalists in British North America.) Settlement by Loyalists About 7,500 refugees established a British-centered ideology that would influence much of Upper Canada’s future. By the end of the American Revolutionary War in 1783, what had been a trickle of wartime Loyalist refugees into the area became a stream. When the American Revolution began in 1775, the permanent European population of western Quebec consisted mainly of French-speaking settlersĪround Detroit. With the Quebec Act of 1774, the borders moved west into what is now southern Ontario, north to include all of Labrador,Īnd south into the Ohio Valley. After the Treaty of Paris (1763) and the Royal Proclamation later that year, the borders of Britain’s new Province of Quebec were expanding. Upon the surrender of Montreal in September 1760, Britain effectively took over the territory that would later become Upper Canada. Windsor, Niagara and Kingston were established.ĭuring the Seven Years’ War (1756–63), the French abandoned most of the region to the British. Through the fur trade, the French firmly established themselves in the area by the 18th century. ( See also Sainte-Marie among the Hurons.) Missionaries were particularly active in Huronia, east and south of Georgian Bay. He claimed the territory for France and was followed by other French explorers. ( See also First Nations in Ontario.) Samuel de Champlain visited the region in the early 17th century. Neutral, Tionontati (Petun) and Algonquin,Īmong others. ![]() The area that became Upper Canada was populated originally by First Nations people, in particular the Wendat, Background: First Nations, France and War ![]()
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